A device capable of using quantum algorithms to break a cryptosystem that is secure against classical (i.e., non-quantum) computers.
Sources:
NIST SP 800-227
A quantum computer which is capable of actually attacking real world cryptographic systems that would be infeasible to attack with classical (i.e., non-quantum) computers. Also known as a cryptographically relevant quantum computer.
Sources:
NIST IR 8547